| خلاصه مقاله | Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, claiming over 10 million lives annually according to WHO data. Preventive strategies emphasizing immunomodulation seek to bolster immune surveillance against oncogenic transformations. This presentation explores stem cell-based approaches in regenerative medicine as innovative tools for early intervention and tissue repair. Key concepts include the immune system's innate and adaptive components, alongside stem cell types such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which exhibit self-renewal and differentiation potentials. MSCs modulate cytokine profiles, enhance T-cell and NK-cell activity, and target tumor microenvironments to suppress inflammation and boost anti-tumor responses. Stem cell-derived exosomes emerge as a paradigm shift in nanomedicine, delivering bioactive molecules for targeted therapy, reversing fibrosis, and inducing pyroptosis without cell transplantation risks. Challenges like immune rejection, ethical concerns, and MSC aging necessitate hypoimmunogenic advancements. A proposed framework identifies high-risk individuals via genetics and biomarkers, delivers exosome-based therapies, monitors immune markers, and integrates with screening programs. Future interdisciplinary efforts promise personalized prevention, bridging regenerative medicine and oncology for enhanced efficacy and safety. |