| خلاصه مقاله | Introduction: One of the most important causes of death in newborns are congenital anomalies, one of which is related to vascular diseases. Advanced vascular imaging, especially retinal imaging technologies, includes sophisticated facilities and devices that allow doctors to observe and analyze the vascular structures and tissues of the retina more precisely. These technologies allow doctors to identify various issues such as vascular occlusions, hemorrhages, and vascular abnormalities and provide more accurate and effective treatments for patients with retinal vascular and tissue problems. As mentioned, these technologies are very important in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases, especially retinal diseases, due to their high accuracy, non-invasive imaging capabilities, and the detailed information they provide.
Method: We employed a comprehensive search strategy across multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, and google scholar. A detailed search string was incorporated with keywords and Medical Subject Headings terms related to fetal vessels, imaging methods, new techniques.
Result and Discussion: In retinal imaging, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) plays a significant role. This medical imaging method using light waves enables a high-precision examination of the retina without the need for surgery, providing insights into retinal vessels and tissues and aiding in identifying their issues. The use of OCT in retinal imaging allows physicians to examine the precise structure of retinal vessels and identify problems such as vascular occlusions, hemorrhages, swelling, and other damages. According to studies on the accuracy and reliability of this imaging method, it ranges from 90-95%. Another imaging method that provides dynamic images of blood flow in retinal vessels by injecting a contrast dye into the patient is Fluorescein Angiography. This method is highly effective in diagnosing vascular issues such as occlusions and hemorrhages, with an acceptable accuracy rate of 80-90%. Indocyanine Green Angiography (ICGA) is another method used to examine retinal vessels, where a dye called indocyanine green is injected into the patient. This dye quickly mixes with the blood, changing its color, and specialized imaging devices capture precise images of blood flow in retinal vessels and tissues. This method is very helpful in diagnosing smaller and more active retinal vessels, issues like inflammation, occlusions, hemorrhages, or other vascular problems, and in selecting the most accurate and optimal treatment method, with an accuracy rate of 85-95%.
Infant mortality rate for the 10 leading causes of infant death in 2022, 2021: United States |