| خلاصه مقاله | To determine the diversity of sand flies in different biotopes of mountainous and plain areas
of Bam County as the most infected focus of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in
southeast Iran, and synanthropic index of Phlebotomus sergenti Parrot, and Phlebotomus
papatasi Scopoli as the main vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. Sand flies were
captured once a month using sticky traps in domestic, peri-domestic, agricultural, and
sylvatic biotopes in the plain and mountainous areas. Alpha diversity indices, including
richness, evenness, Shannon-Wiener, beta diversity indices (Jaccard's and Sorensen's
similarity indices) and synanthropic index, were calculated. A total of 2 664 specimens of 9
sand fly species were collected from mountainous (47%) and plain (53%) areas. Species
richness, species evenness, and Shannon-Wiener indices were obtained as 9, 0.637, and
1.399, respectively, in the mountainous area. Phlebotomus sergenti and Phlebotomus papatasi
were constant species with the synanthropic index of −18.463 and −29.412, respectively. In
addition, species richness, species evenness, and Shannon-Wiener indices were 4, 0.690, and
0.956, respectively in the plain area. Phlebotomus sergenti and Phlebotomus papatasi were
dominant species with synanthropic index of +9.695 and +36.207, respectively. Similarity
indices were low among different biotopes of plain and mountainous areas. Basic knowledge
about the diversity of sand flies in various biotopes is essential to design sound control
programs. Biodiversity and synanthropic indices of sand flies are different in plain and
mountainous areas due to the difference in biotic and abiotic factors between the two areas. |