| خلاصه مقاله | Significant progress has been made in preparing three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in tissue engineering to replace damaged tissues and organs in vitro. Different traditional and modern methods are used to make 3D scaffolds. The scaffolds' design should be done so that the final product can mimic the extracellular matrix. Porous scaffolds, hydrogel scaffolds, microsphere scaffolds, and fibrous scaffolds suit this purpose. Various biocompatible materials, mainly ones that have already received regulatory approval for use in medical applications, are used to create the
majority of tissue scaffolds. These 'biomaterials' come from both natural and synthetic sources. Using biomaterials and various techniques, including gas foaming, fiber bonding, emulsification/freeze-drying, solvent casting/particulate washing leaching, thermally induced phase separation (TIPS), electrospinning,
rapid prototyping (RP)/solid free form (SFF), and bioprinting, designing and manufacturing 3D scaffolds that ar suitable for TE implants have been developed and designed. Scaffolds prepared by each of these methods have advantages and disadvantages that can selecte for use depending on the desired tissue and expected characteristics. |