| خلاصه مقاله | Approximately 8% to 10% of the population will experience a seizure, and approximately 1 in 26 people will develop epilepsy in their lifetime.
Correctly identifying the epilepsy type and syndrome, careful history taken from the patient and witnesses , as well as the underlying etiology, is critical for choosing cost-effective, high-yield investigations, optimizing therapy, and understanding long-term prognosis.
The ILAE proposed a practical clinical definition for epilepsy: (1) at least two unprovoked (or reflex) seizures occurring more than 24 hours apart,or (2) one unprovoked (or reflex) seizure and a probability of further seizures similar to the general recurrence risk (at least 60%) after two unprovoked seizures, occurring over the next 10 years, or (3) diagnosis of an epilepsy syndrome.
An EEG is indicated in all patients with new-onset, unprovoked seizures that assists with determination of seizure and epilepsy type,choice of further investigations,and risk for seizure recurrence .
Neuroimaging is recommended for all patients with new-onset, unprovoked seizures, except those with a welldefined, drug-responsive idiopathic generalized epilepsy or self-limited focal epilepsy of childhood.
Routine blood, urine studies and lumbar puncture, are commonly obtained but of low yield in patients with new-onset, unprovoked seizures.
Although immediate initiation of antiseizure medication after a first unprovoked seizure does reduce the risk of recurrence, it does not impact long-term epilepsy outcome or quality of life. |