| خلاصه مقاله | Introduction
Osteoarthritis is one of the major causes of disability and social costs in the elderly. As the population ages and obesity increases, the disease has become more prevalent than in previous decades. The diagnosis of osteoarthritis is clinical. Pain control should be tailored to the patient's health needs and focus on health education, self-management, physiotherapy, and weight loss if necessary. Surgery may be appropriate for those who have not responded to less invasive procedures. In this article, we attempted to review, compile and compare non-invasive methods for reducing joint pain in these patients.
Method
This rapid scoping review was conducted using the Arkesy and O'Malley framework. The search strategy was designed to find all published or unpublished studies in English. Keywords including aged, elderly, palliative pain, pain management, knee osteoarthritis, and knee arthritis were selected using MeSh. Scopus, Medline, and Web Of Science databases were used to review published texts, and Google Scholar was used to review gray texts. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were independently reviewed by the authors with the help of Rayyan AI and conflicts were resolved through dialogue. The JBI checklist was used for qualitative evaluation.
Findings
In a systematic search, a total of 1135 articles were found, of which 374 were duplicate articles. After screening and qualitative evaluation, 55 articles were included in the review. Non-invasive and non-edible pain control methods in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were classified into five categories: 1. exercise: walking, tai chi, Wuqinxi, core extension, underwater treadmill, Mulligan techniques, and special sports movements to strengthen the muscles around the joints involved; 2. Use of medical aids: a. Medical orthoses: Knee braces and medical insoles b. Special adhesive tapes to support the joints (Kinesio tape rock tape or); 3. Physiotherapy: a. deep heating, b. electrophysical therapy, c. pulsed electro-magnetic therapy, d. shock wave therapy e. massage therapy 4. Others: a. Weight loss, b. Low-fat diet, c. Cognitive-behavioral training programs, d. Leech therapy, e. Mud therapy, f. Use of herbal leaves (e.g., Cabbage), g. Use of skin patches to reduce pain
Conclusion
Thematic analysis of selected articles categorized the simple non-invasive methods to reduce pain in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. However, the efficacy of these measures requires further evaluation. |