| خلاصه مقاله | Blood glucose concentrations in healthy full-term infants drop to at least 25 to 30 mg
/ dl in the first 1 to 2 hours after birth, and then gradually increase to normal values as
in older children. Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common neonatal problem which may
lead to serious neurological complications. Infants at risk of hypoglycemia, such as
preterm infants, SGA, LGA, IUGR, and diabetic infants and infants with perinatal
stress, should be routinely monitored for plasma glucose levels even in the absence of
clinical signs of hypoglycemia. Clinical glucose measurement methods such as pointof-care (POC) instruments can have higher or lower results. The gold standard
technique for glucose measuring is the use of laboratory enzyme methods.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Pediatric Endocrine Society
(PES) guidelines are used to determine the level of plasma glucose that determines
the need for therapeutic intervention to protect infants at risk for hypoglycemic
injury. The first intervention to correct asymptomatic hypoglycemia is nutrition.
Dextrose gel may also be used as adjunctive nutrition in the treatment of
hypoglycemia. Intravenous dextrose infusion is used in persistent or recurrent
hypoglycemia as well as in cases with very low or symptomatic glucose
concentrations |