| خلاصه مقاله | Pharmaceutical substances are excreted through feces and urine as a mixture of the main
compounds and unchanged metabolites and can enter the aquatic environment through hospital
effluents and wastewater treatment plants, landfill leachates, and to some extent in the pharmaceutical industry discharges. Their continuous entry into the aquatic compartment means that they
are constantly present in the environment.
Anticancer drugs are a group of chemotherapy agents produced to prevent or impair the
proliferation of cancer cells. Many of these drugs are carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and/or
cytotoxic to the reproductive system and are classified as extremely hazardous compounds.
Antibiotics can challenge the population of microbes, they should also be considered important pollutants in the ecosystem.
It is necessary to increase awareness about the potential of anticancer drugs and antibiotics
as contaminants of emerging concern in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Wastewater contamination with a wide range of microbiological, chemical, and cytotoxic material is one of the growing
environmental concerns. The present study was conducted with the aim of introducing a new
strategy to reduce environmental contaminations caused by antibiotics and anticancer drugs.
Compared to other antimicrobial agents, nanoparticles have the least toxicity to the ecosystem. Therefore, they can be a wise choice for the preparation of anticancer and antimicrobial
agents.
Rutin is a herbal bioactive agent widely present in vegetables and fruits with numerous therapeutic effects, primarily related to its effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Rutin
has low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability, which limits its therapeutic usage. The development of nanoparticle systems is one of the ways to increase the bioavailability and solubility of
rutin. The present study aimed to prepare rutin nanocrystals (RNs) and examine the anticancer
and antimicrobial effects.
The ultrasonic method was used for the preparation of RNs. Then the prepared RNs were
physicochemically characterized by conventional methods.
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of RNs was investigated against several bacterial strains compared to bulk rutin. The average particle size of RNs was 75 ± 0.16 nm with quasispherical morphology. RNs were more effective than bulk rutin against the investigated bacteria.
The cytotoxicity of RNs and bulk rutin on the cancer cells was assessed. cancer cells were
also treated with RNs for evaluation of anticancer mechanism. The results suggest that RNs may
be useful as a protocol for the treatment of cancers and infections without environmental contamination. |