| خلاصه مقاله | Aerogels are solid gels with nanometer pores, low density (0.003-0.5 g cm-3), porosity, large surface area (500-1500 m2 g-1), sizeable internal size and high mechanical strength which have gas in pores that have replaced the liquid. In fact, aerogels are more famous due to their internal structure and architecture, and usually the type of their constituent materials is the next priority. Forming a gel in an aqueous solution using compounds that create chemical or physical crosslinks is the first pave in the aerogel preparation. At the next stage, the water in the gel displaced with a solvent, which will eventually solvent penetrate into the gel. Finally, the solvent is removed or dried using different methods. According to the drying method, aerogels are divided into three categories; aerogels, xerogels and cryogels resulting from supercritical drying, ambient pressure drying, and freeze-drying, respectively. Sol–gel is the standard way to synthesize aerogels. |