| خلاصه مقاله | Breast cancer is a malignant disease that begins in the breast cells. Paclitaxel disrupts the
dynamic balance in microtubules and blocks cells at the end of G2 and M phase of the cell
cycle, thus resulting in blocking cell replication. Sodium oxamate is an inhibitor of lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH). Because of the low solubility of paclitaxel, nanoparticles (NPs) have
been used to overcome this problem. Niosomes are layered vesicles composed of nonionic
surfactants that improve therapeutic effects. Different proportions of surfactant 60 and tween
80, PEG 2000 with cholesterol and paclitaxel were added in chloroform and methanol
solvents in a round bottom flask and put in a rotary solvent evaporated at approximately 60
° C and 120 rpm to form a thin layer of surfactant in the flask wall. After 1h, phosphate buffer
containing sodium oxamate, hyaluronic acid, and quantum dot was added to the thin layer to
prepare the niosomes using the thin film hydration (TFH) method. Nanocarriers size
distribution and zeta potential of the prepared niosome were determined by DLS. The amount
of loaded drug was measured with a UV spectrophotometer at 230 nm. Release of paclitaxel
from niosome was performed at 37 °C with a shaking speed of 150 rpm under various pH
values of 5.8 and 7.4. The cytotoxicity of the blank noisome, noisome modified by
hyaluronic acid, paclitaxel alone, paclitaxel loaded niosome, and paclitaxel sodium oxamate
entrapped in noisome against MCF-7 cell line was investigated via MTT assay in 24, 48, and
72 hours. Abcam mitochondrial staining kit was used in the treated and untreated MCF-7
cells to evaluate the mitochondrial targeting potential of the niosome NPs. The apoptotic
effect of the noisome blank, noisome modified by hyaluronic acid, paclitaxel alone, and
paclitaxel sodium oxamate loaded in noisome, paclitaxel sodium oxamate-loaded noisome
modified by hyaluronic on MCF-7 cell line was evaluated after 72 hours of treatment using
flow cytometry to determine the apoptotic effect. The DLS indicated that niosome size was
241 nm with a zeta potential of - 21 mv. The entrapment efficiency of the drug was equal to
80%. Based on the drug release profile, the cumulative drug release was 20% and 80%,
respectively at the pH of 7.4 and pH 5.8 after 72 h. Our results have shown that blank niosme
and noisome modified by hyaluronic acid did not have toxicity on the breast cancer cells,
while paclitaxel-loaded niosome had more fatality than paclitaxel alone. Additionally,
sodium oxamate and paclitaxel-loaded niosome increased the mortality of MCF-7 cells
compared to paclitaxel-loaded noisome. Moreover, paclitaxel/sodium oxamate-loaded
noisome modified by hyaluronic acid had more effects on cancer cells than niosome
entrapped paclitaxel/sodium oxamate. These findings were confirmed by results of MTT
assay, flow cytometry, and mitochondrial staining kit. |