| This study focused on the solubility profile, dissolving characteristics, computational methods, and solvation
behavior of acetamiprid in aqueous solutions of isopropanol/acetone/methanol/EG (1). The quantitative anal-
ysis of molecular surface, as well as Hirshfeld surface analysis, were used herein to explain the electrostatic
features of basicity of acetamiprid molecule. The primary and second electrophilic sites are the –CN and –N––
groups, respectively. All solubility tests were carried out in a shake-flask technique at p = 101.2 kPa and tem-
peratures ranging from 278.15 to 318.15 K. The solubility parameter and dipolarity-polarizability of solutions
played a significant role in solubility variation. To investigate solubility performance, the three-dimensional
Hansen solubility parameter was used. Several common relationships, such as the modified van’t Hoff Jouy-
ban–Acree model, the mixture response surface model, and the Jouyban–Acree model, provided acceptable
correlation results for the solubility magnitudes with relative average deviations of < 4.98 percent. The preferred
solvation of acetamiprid was further investigated by quantification using the inverse Kirkwood–Buff integrals
method. Positive preferential solvation values in isopropanol/ethanol/acetone/methanol-rich and -intermediate
composition solutions suggest that isopropanol/ethanol/acetone/methanol preferentially solvates acetamiprid.
Nonetheless, EG in the EG + water solution didn’t preferentially solvate acetamiprid. Moreover, the dissolution
and transfer properties as well as enthalpy–entropy compensation were discussed. |