| The function of seminal plasma involves acting as a transport medium for sperm and as a means of communication
between the reproductive tissues of the male and female. It is also a vital factor to prime the reproductive
tracts of the female for optimal pregnancy. When the reproductive tract of the female is exposed to seminal
plasma, serious alterations take place, enhancing pathogen and debris clearance observed in the uterus
throughout mating. It is also capable of supporting embryo growth, promoting the receptivity of the uterus, and
establishing tolerance to the semi-allogenic embryo. Moreover, seminal plasma is capable of regulating the
functions of several female reproductive organs and providing an ideal condition for effective embryo implantation
and pregnancy. It is believed that the health state of the offspring is affected by exposure to seminal
plasma. For the treatment of infertility, assisted reproductive technologies have been extensively employed. The
application of seminal plasma as a therapeutic approach to enhance the development of embryo competency and
rate of implantation, receptivity of endometrium, and establishment of maternal immune tolerance in cycles of
ART appears possible. Herein, current knowledge on the composition of seminal plasma and the physiological
roles it possesses on various parts of the female reproductive tract are summarized. Moreover, the role of seminal
plasma in the development of embryos, implantation, and the following fetal growth and survival have been
reviewed in this article. |