چاپ صفحه |  صفحه نخست سامانه |  نویسندگان |  اطلاعات تفضیلی |  دانلود مقاله | دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز |
| نویسنده | نفر چندم مقاله |
|---|---|
| بهرام جمالی قراخانلو | اول |
| اکرم آمقانی | دوم |
| نیما رادخواه | سوم |
| عنوان | متن |
|---|---|
| کلمات کلیدی | resveratrol, regular aerobic exercise, heart damage, Wistar rat |
| خلاصه مقاله | Introduction Cardiovascular disease has been one of the most causes of death worldwide recently. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been among the most commonly diagnosed diseases among hospitalized patients in developed countries. Studies have suggested that MI causes damages in the myocardial cells by generating free radicals. Free radicals influence many of the cells' vital functions and cause damage to DNA, which may also lead to cell death. There is sufficient evidence on the benefits of regular exercise in the primary prevention of heart disease. A substantial decrease in cardiovascular disease has been noted with as little as sixty minutes of walking per week. A positive association between physical activity and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is observed. Aerobic exercise enhances mitochondrial performance by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, increasing NO synthesis, and reinforcing mitochondrial biogenesis. Resveratrol, as a polyphenol, found in the extraction of grape skin/seed, the root of Polygonum cuspidatum, and red wine, is determined to have protective effects on multi-targets related to heart diseases. Resveratrol confronts oxidative damage through upregulating endogenous cellular antioxidant systems and scavenging ROS directly. Resveratrol inhibits ROS formation by suppressing pro-oxidative genes such as myeloperoxidase and NADPH oxidase and stimulating antioxidative enzymes or substrates such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Studies have shown that resveratrol is a chelator of copper involved in generating free radicals and lipid peroxidation. The present study evaluated the protective effects of aerobic exercise, resveratrol supplementation, and isoproterenol application on oxidative stress and apoptosis in rats with AMI. In addition, combinational treatments were used to increase the beneficial effects and reduce adverse events. Methodology: In this study, 50 male Wistar rats were randomly categorized into five groups (n=10 each group): control group (C), isoproterenol group (ISO), ISO+exercise group (ISO+Ex), ISO+Resveratrol group (ISO+Res), and ISO+Exercise+Resveratrol group (ISO+Ex+Res). Based on the group, rats received isoproterenol (150 mg/kg body weight), 25 mg/kg/BW of resveratrol per day, or ran on a treadmill in isolation or combination for eight weeks. Isoproterenol was subcutaneously administrated on two consecutive days at the end of the procedure. Twelve hours after the second isoproterenol injection, Electrocardiography patterns were recorded. All rats were sacrificed to collect glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde samples and to estimate apoptosis. Overall group differences were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). When appropriate, post hoc analyses were conducted using the Tukey test. A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Results showed that exercise and resveratrol significantly decreased heart rate and body weight in Ex and Ex+Res groups compared to the ISO group. Additionally, heart rate and body weight (BW) in the ISO group significantly increased compared to all groups. Rats in the control group did not show any changes in ECG patterns. On the other hand, Q waves and elevated ST segments were observed in treated rats with ISO (150 mg/kg). These changes were close to the normal in Res, Ex, and Res+ Ex pretreated rats administered ISO. Results showed that GPx activity was significantly decreased in the rats injected ISO compared to the control group (P< 0.01). Eight weeks of daily treatment with resveratrol (25 mg/kg), exercise, in isolation and combination, increased GPx activity compared to ISO-treated rats. According to the results, a significant increase in MDA levels was also seen in the ISO group (P< 0.01). Oxidative stress and severe apoptosis were established in ISO rats, which was significant compared to the control group. Rats that were pretreated with resveratrol, exercise, and their combination showed significantly decreased levels of these markers compared to ISO-treated rats (P<0.01). Discussion and Conclusion: ECG is the gold standard for the early diagnosis of MI. Experimental models of MI in animals with ISO have approved ECG changes. Determined abnormalities of ECG patterns such as risen heart rate were detected in ISO-treated rats compared to normal rats. Similar to this study, Prabhu and Devi reported similar ECG changes in ISO-treated animal models. In the current study, subcutaneous injection of ISO decreased GPx and increased MDA activity and apoptosis. In this regard, Lobo Filho et al. showed that isoproterenol reduced GPx, catalase activity, and histopathological variations in MI. Mechanisms responsible for myocardial damage caused by ischemia are yet unknown. Nevertheless, numerous studies indicate that several dependent factors are involved in this damage, including decreased cellular ATP, ROS, hydrogen ions, Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and increased cellular calcium, calpain, and leukocyte activities. Studies have shown that age, excessive exercise, and reduced antioxidants cause an increase in oxidative stress in the heart and possibly lead to apoptosis. The present study showed that pretreatment with exercise, resveratrol, and a combination of resveratrol and exercise increased GPx activity in ISO-treated rats. Moreover, pretreatment with the abovementioned interventions led to a decrease in MDA activity and apoptosis in the rats. Furthermore, resveratrol therapy can be effective like exercise training in treating heart failure, as proven in several studies. Kanamori et al. reported that dosages of resveratrol (5 and 50 mg/kg/day) did not show any difference in apoptotic index between the groups. Also, Ahmadi Asl et al. reported that the antioxidant defense system, oxidative stress indices, and apoptosis did not change, contrasting with our results. In the above studies, some possible factors such as age, sex, race, types of exercise protocols, environment, and type and dose of drugs and supplements are involved in this contradiction. The study of Kanamori et al. showed the expression of antioxidant proteins and the activity of pro-survival enzymatic pathways by resveratrol through the upregulation of AMPK and cardiac autophagy, which was possibly unchanged by resveratrol treatment. Overall, this study suggests that resveratrol may prevent cardiac functional abnormalities caused by AMI. Resveratrol protects the heart against oxidative stress by isoproterenol that reduces superoxide and lipid peroxides and activates the antioxidant defense system. In addition to resveratrol administration, exercise may be effective against oxidative stress in MI conditions. |
| نام فایل | تاریخ درج فایل | اندازه فایل | دانلود |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.pdf | 1401/01/15 | 386678 | دانلود |
| hamayesh t 1.pdf | 1401/01/15 | 199308 | دانلود |
