| Background: Patient safety culture is an essential factor in determining the ability of hospitals to treat and reduce
patient risks. Healthcare professionals, especially nurses, play an important role in patient safety because they are
responsible for direct and ongoing patient care. Few studies in Iran examine the patient safety culture in Iranian
teaching hospitals, particularly from the perspective of nursing staf. This research assessed patient safety culture
in teaching hospitals in Iran from the nurses’ point of view and compared the outcomes with similar regional and
global studies. Furthermore, the study identifed the factors infuencing patient safety culture and its association with
outcomes.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was accomplished in thirty-two teaching hospitals in fve provinces of Iran. A total
of 2295 nurses were chosen through convenience sampling. Collection data were done using the Hospital Survey
of Patient Safety Culture (HOPSC) from October 2018 and September 2019. We analyzed the data using descriptive
statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analysis.
Results: The results demonstrated the overall percentage of positive response rate for the HOPSC tool (36.4%). The
average percentage of positive responses among all dimensions ranged from 27.1% in “Stafng” to 53.8% in “Teamwork across Hospital Units”. Benchmarking analysis shows that Iranian hospitals are equal or better performance than
the benchmark on several composites compared to regional and global fndings. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the age, gender, total years of experience in nursing, work area or unit, work hours, and size
of the hospital were signifcant predictors of the perceptions patient safety culture of nurses (p< 0.05).
Conclusions: This is one of few studies that examine nurses’ perceptions of patient safety culture in public hospitals
in Iran. Although the results of the present study showed that the results of Iran were at or better than the many composites in Jordan, Turkey, KSA, and the Philippines. The fndings confrmed that all 12 dimensions can be considered
as areas requiring improvement, and these results demonstrated that there was a severe shortage in patient safety
culture among the included hospitals |