| خلاصه مقاله | Introduction: The endocannabinoid system is a biological system consisting of CB1 and CB2 receptors and about 15 different types of endogenous ligands including anandamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol that target the receptors of this system. Other components of this system are enzymes including FAAH and MAGL, which are involved in the biosynthesis and inactivation of these endogenous ligands. CB1 receptors are found mainly in the terminals of central and peripheral neurons, where they usually inhibit the release of a wide range of different neurotransmitters. CB2 receptors are also located in immune cells that activating of this receptor can modulate the migration of immune cells and the release of cytokines into and out of the brain.
Materials & Methods: This review article is the result of a review of research published in PubMed, Wiley, Science direct, ISI, Scopus, etc. between 2000 and 2021 about the relationship between the endocannabinoid system and physiological functions
Results: Various studies have shown that this system is involved in many physiological processes including nociception (pain sensation), appetite, lipid metabolism, gastrointestinal motility, cardiovascular modulation, motor activity, and memory which can Become an emerging target for drug discovery. The involvement of the endocannabinoid system in most of these functional psychological and physiological processes is explained by its strong association with the dopaminergic system, mainly through the basal ganglia and corticolimbic brain structures.
Conclusion: Various studies have linked FAAH and CB1 gene polymorphisms to various human diseases including obesity, systemic disorders, cardiovascular, lung, gastrointestinal diseases, and mental and neurological disorders including depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety. Activity, schizophrenia, drug and alcohol addiction. This finding can make these genes as an effective therapeutic target. |