| خلاصه مقاله | Title:
Medical Treatment of Adenomyosis
Fatemeh Tabatabaei
1) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2) Department of Gynecologic Laparoscopic Surgeries, Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Al-Zahra Hospital, Tabriz, Iran.
Hysterectomy is the definitive treatment for adenomyosis. So, all hormonal medications are alternative treatments. Levonorgestrel (LNG)-releasing intrauterine device (IUD) is the preferred medical treatment for adenomyosis, due to its direct action on the uterus, low systemic levels of steroid hormones, and long-acting user-independent administration. The LNG IUD has been shown to improve adenomyosis-associated heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea. There are little data on the efficacy of oral contraceptives specifically for adenomyosis. Concomitant use of both combined oral contraceptives and the LNG IUD was no more effective for reducing pain and bleeding than use of the LNG IUD alone. Daily administration of oral dienogest, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs and aromatase inhibitors are other hormonal therapeutic options. When hormonal medications are discontinued, enlargement of the uterus and recurrence of symptoms are usually documented within six months after discontinuation. Uterine artery embolization which is contraindicated in patients who plan for future pregnancy and uterus-sparing resection of adenomyosis which is related with increased risk of uterine rupture and abnormal placentation in further pregnancies are less invasive surgical procedures for treatment of adenomyosis. |