| Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a form of brain disorder characterized by various pathological changes in the brain.
Numerous studies have shown that sex hormones are involved in the disease. For instance, progesterone, estrogen,
and testosterone are well-known steroid sex hormones that play an essential role in AD pathogenesis. The
Gender-dependency of AD is attributed to the effect of these hormones on the brain, which plays a neuroprotective
role. In recent years, much research has been performed on the protective role of these hormones
against nerve cell damage, which are promising for AD management. Hence, in the current review, we aim to
decipher the protective role of steroid hormones in AD. Accordingly, we will discuss their functional mechanisms
at the genomic and non-genomic scales. |