| Background: Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
(PNES) are manifested as paroxysmal alterations in
motor, sensory, autonomic, and/or cognitive and
behavioral signs and symptoms, without associated
ictal epileptiform discharges. A misdiagnosis of PNES
as epilepsy results in a prolonged and unnecessary
(antiepileptic) drug treatment and social and
psychological stigma of epilepsy in these patients.
This study aimed to determine the epidemiology,
clinical manifestations, and associated factors of
PNES in hospitalized patients in the videoelectroencephalography
(EEG) monitoring (VEM)
service of Razi Hospital, Tabriz, Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 55
patients with a final diagnosis of PNES were selected
from the patients referred to the VEM unit of Razi
Hospital for the evaluation of epilepsy. The study was
performed from May 2017 to June 2019. Patient
information included demographic data and medical
history (drug history, comorbidities, trauma, and family
history). The clinical manifestations (semiology and
duration of attacks) and EEG findings, as recorded by
VEM during hospitalization, were collected.
Results: 55 patients with PNES were studied with VEM,
27 (49.1%) of which were men, and 28 (50.9%) were
women. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of age
of the patients was 34.16 ± 12.64 years. No significant
differences were observed in the semiology of PNES
between men and women. Depression was the most
common psychiatric comorbidity.
Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of PNES inthe present study were similar to those in most
previous studies from other countries. The culture
and sex of the patients did not seem to be a
contributing factor in PNES semiology. |