| Abstract
Objective: The current case-control study aimed to examine the association of circulating neuregulin 4 (NRG-4), a brown fat-enriched endocrine factor, with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Methods: A total of 50 patients newly diagnosed with NAFLD with 50 age-matched
and sex-matched subjects without NAFLD were recruited in the present study.
Circulating NRG-4 levels were assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA) kit. SPSS version 23 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: Patients with NAFLD had lower levels of circulating NRG-4 than the control
group (P < .001). Participants in the highest quartile of circulating NRG-4 had significantly lower body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triglyceride (TG)
and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared with
those in the lowest quartile (all P < .01). The prevalence of NAFLD in the quartile 4
of the serum NRG-4 level was 38.46%, lower than the quartile 1 (62.50%, P = .006),
quartile 2 (52.00%, P = .017) and quartile 3 (48.00%, P = .032).
In multiple stepwise regression analysis, BMI (β = −0.712, P = .016), WC (β = −0.577,
P = .023), TG (β = −0.509, P = .001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)
(β = 0.489, P = .001) and HOMA-IR (β = −0.609, P = .003) were independently related
to serum NRG-4 level. The odds of NAFLD decreased by 41% per 1 SD increase in
serum NRG-4 level (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.35-0.78; P = .021), after adjustment for all
potential confounders.
Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrate that circulating NRG-4
levels may play a protective role in NAFLD |