| Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is known as a functional gastrointestinal disorder that has
different effects on the large intestine and caused malfunction of bowel and colon
tissues, which leads to chronic diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, cramps, and
bloating. Genetic pre determinants and environmental factors including; stress, age,
diet, geographical features, use of antibiotics, and more importantly gut microbiota
(GM) are implicated in the development of IBS. In the present review, by using free
search engines providing biomedical and clinical literature (Science Direct, PubMed,
and Google Scholar) we have evaluated the association of GM and IBS and the role of
human interventions such as probiotics, synbiotic, prebiotics, and the fecal microbiota
transplantation (FMT) as potential therapeutic methods within the treatment of IBS.
Current advances in molecular approaches have broadened our understanding of GM
and the significant impact of microbial communities on human wellbeing. The imbalanced distribution of microbial communities resides in the human intestine (intestinal
dysbiosis) has been associated with IBS development. Due to current challenges in the
treatment of IBS, various manipulation of the GM as a new approach for IBS remedy has
attracted much attention in recent years. Hence, scientific literature confirms that the
manipulation of GM with prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic interventions as well as
FMT can significantly improve the GM composition/balances and prevent negative
effects of dysbiosis GM in patients with symptoms of IBS. |