چاپ صفحه |  صفحه نخست سامانه |  چکیده مقاله |  نویسندگان |  دانلود مقاله | دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز |
| From black death to corona virus: a brief history of quarantines”; “Iran’s coronavirus outbreak is bizarrely reminiscent of the black death”; “Learn from history: black death killed millions of people”; “Black death offers lessons for dealing with covid-19 outbreak”. This is just a glimpse at the headlines of some famous papers regarding the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) highlighting the importance of this crisis as a global warning. On January 31, 2020, the WHO announced the outbreak of COVID-19 as a public health emergency worldwide.1High virulence of the pathogen, its rapid transmissibility, and the potential for environmental contamination are important characteristics of COVID-19, reaffirming the need for special attention. During this pandemic, serious considerations have been given to the high-level quarantine in most countries battling with COVID-19. Many outbreaks have occurred throughout human history, but there is only one outbreak with the first intense quarantine, the plague.2 As it’s said, “history repeats itself ”. Like COVID-19, the Black Death was an indiscernible, inconspicuous, and mischievous disease; it evolved from the East, spread among the population in cities and towns, and even made its way to different countries through international trade. The history of quarantine dates back to the time of the Black Death (Plague) when medicine was incapable to fight the disease. Avoiding contact with contaminated objects and infected subjects was the only way to evade the disease. Therefore, some regions banned foreigners from entering their province at that time.3 In today’s modern world, the long-lived system of quarantine is still a potent part of the public health reaction to newly emerging infectious diseases as well as reemerging ones. In the “Fact Sheets” provided by the CDC, it is stated that “Quarantine is medically very effective in protecting the public from disease”.4 Quarantine has been the keystone of coordinated responses to communicable disease epidemics and an organized disease-control strategy. There are other terms such as “home quarantine,” “work quarantine” “self-quarantine” and even “rolling quarantine.” A comprehensive public education on the risk-reducing aspects of quarantine can attract peoples’ interest in the benefits of this method. Quarantines, even though controversial, come at high costs, and have been viewed and implied with suspicion; they are historically proven to delay and decrease the spread of various outbreaks. We should understand different types of quarantines, their combined benefits, the best timing for their implementation and their cost effectiveness. Currently, traditional methods and new techniques merge to form a practical approach to manage disease outbreaks. Since the science of medicine and technology have rapidly improved, treatment approaches of physicians have been directed toward personalized medicine. However, this approach is not achievable during pandemics and mass scenario has to be used for COVID-19 as experienced in the case of the plague. A recently published Cochrane systematic review about the effects of quarantine on the distribution of COVID-19 showed that the combination of quarantine with other preventive and controlling measures had a significant effect on the reduction of transmissions and deaths, and was most effective when applied earlier in the course of disease.5 It seems that decisions regarding the selection different types of quarantine by policy makers should be performed based on the cultural and economic properties of each region. Moreover, continuous monitoring of the disease distribution should be locally performed in order to maintain the best measures specifically tailored for every particular region. |
| نویسنده | نفر چندم مقاله |
|---|---|
| سید علی شامخ | اول |
| عطا محمودپور | دوم |
| سروین سنایی اسکویی | سوم |
| نام فایل | تاریخ درج فایل | اندازه فایل | دانلود |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4jadid.pdf | 1400/01/08 | 871170 | دانلود |
