| Background:Childhood obesity is one of the most serious health challenges and risk factors for various diseases.International health organizations, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), recommend more stakeholderengagement to discuss this health problem. Therefore, this study aims to identify and analyze the stakeholders ofchildhood obesity prevention (COP) policy making process in Iran.Methods:In this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 Iranian stakeholders in the field of COP fromFebruary 2019 to May 2020. PolicyMaker V.4 and MAXQDA V.10software were used for the analysis of stakeholders.Results:Out of 24 interviewed stakeholders, 17 were active andseven were inactive. The most powerful and supportivestakeholders were the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MoHME) and the national and regional Offices ofCommunity Nutrition Improvement. Although stakeholders like the Ministry of Sports and Youth, the municipalities, theSecretariat of the Health and Food Safety, the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB), and Student Organization wereamong powerful bodies, they showed the least support for COP policies. The remaining stakeholders showed medium orlow support and power in the policy making process.Conclusions:Disconnect between stakeholders, lessattentiontopreventionstrategies,and high advertising of unhealthyfoods were among the main challenges facing the COP policies in Iran and worldwide. Insufficient financial resources,little attention to the young people under 18, non-aligned policies of the Student Organization and the IRIB, andinsufficient support of COP policies were among the key challenges to be handled |