| Chemolithotrophs are specific bacteria that utilize inorganic compounds as their energy source. These bacteria as the main source
of organic molecules have more advantages in various sciences. Unlike phototrophic and organotrophic bacteria which generate
their energy via the fascination of sunlight or oxidation of complex organic molecules, chemolithotrophic bacteria can exploit
unconventional sources of energy, including various industrial wastes. Therefore, chemolithotroph bacteria play a key role in the
remediation of micropollutants such as synthetic hormones, pharmaceutical residues, and sanitary wastes. In addition, secondary
metabolites including organic acids, enzymes, and antibiotics derived from these bacteria can be used as pharmaceutical
compounds. It seems that the discovery and study of the novel chemolithotrophic bacteria and investigation of their features
can be helpful in medical and pharmaceutical sciences. Accordingly, it was attempted to present a comprehensive review on
chemolithotrophic microbes, their energy sources, and their applications. |