| Abstract Background and aims: Heart failure (HF) is a growing concern worldwide. S100A1 and
zinc a2-glycoprotein (ZAG) play an important role in heart function. We examined serum levels
of S100A1 and ZAG in HF patients and their association with anthropometric indices and body
composition.
Methods and results: Sixty-four patients with HF, mean age 56.2, 48 male and 16 females, with
ejection fraction <30e35%, were recruited from Shahid Madani Heart Hospital in Tabriz, Iran,
from April to October 2019. Two groups, cachexia (n Z 32) and non-cachexia (n Z 32), which
were divided based on weight loss of at least 7.5% in the last six months, were compared with
the control group (n Z 26). S100A1 and ZAG serum levels were determined by ELISA.
Serum median (minemax) levels of S100A1 and ZAG were significantly greater in HF patients
[326 (184.8e635.2) and 150.4 (61.5e520.7)] than healthy controls [265.4 (43.6e658.8) and 119.8
(16.7e533)], both p Z 0.001. S100A1 Serum levels in cachexia group was significantly higher
than non-cachexia group [331 (245.6e469.6) vs. 318 (184.8e635.2), p Z 0.03]. A strong positive
association was observed between S100A1 and ZAG serum levels in patients (r Z 0.70,
p < 0.0001). Serum levels of these two proteins negatively and significantly associated with
BMI (r Z 0.25, p Z 0.044 and r Z 0.28, p Z 0.024, respectively) and arm circumference
(r Z 0.26, p Z 0.037 and r Z 0.25, p Z 0.047, respectively).
Conclusion: The results indicate that S100A1 and ZAG are likely to contribute to the pathogenesis
of HF disease and weight loss, as well as the strong association between S100A1 and ZAG
possibly indicating a similar mechanism of action for these two proteins. |