| Osteosarcoma, a bone cancer usually seen in children and young adults, is generally a high-grade malignancy
presented by extreme metastases to the lungs. Osteosarcoma has a tendency for appearing in bones with rapid
growth rate. The etiology of osteosarcoma is multifaceted and poorly understood. A molecular consideration of
this disease will lead to a directed tumor treatment. The present treatment for osteosarcoma comprises of an
arrangement of systemic chemotherapy and wide surgical resection. Survival rate is increased by the progress of
destructive systemic chemotherapies. So, the development of new treatment approaches for metastatic osteosarcoma is essential. Immunomodulation has been used in clinical settings. Through targeting surface antigens
expressed on tumor cells, particular antibodies and exploitation of cellular immunotherapy against sarcomas
have been confrmed to be effective as cancer therapeutics. In this article, we have reviewed epidemiology,
etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of osteosarcoma and we have focused on different methods of
immunotherapy including vaccines, cell-based immunotherapy, cytokines, and monoclonal antibodies. |