| The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased dramatically at an alarming level around the
world.T2DM is associated with changeable risk factors in lifestyle as well as genetic and family associated risk
factors. More importantly, imbalanced or impaired gut microbial distribution (dysbiosis) has been reported as a
contributing risk factor in insulin resistance progression in T2DM. Dysbiosis may restructure the metabolic and
functional pathways in the intestine which are involved in the development of T2DM. However, several studies
have indicated the constructive and helpful effect of prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation
(FMT) on the improvement of gut microbiota (GM) and accordingly host metabolism. In this review, the association between GM and T2DM have been evaluated and the role of prebiotics, probiotics and FMT, as potential
therapeutic approaches have been discussed. Relevant studies were obtained randomly from online databases
such as PubMed/Medline and ISI Web of Science. |