| The chitosan-based thermosensitive hydrogel is one of the attractive in situ forming drug delivery systems that
are suggested for ophthalmic applications. However, the use of this thermogel has been limited by nontransparency,
relatively low solubility and prolonged gelation time. In this study, a convenient approach has
been reported to develop transparent thermosensitive hydrogel with suitable cytocompatibility and gelation
properties for glaucoma treatment. After obtaining the optimum quaternization conditions, the developed insitu
gelling formulation of quaternized chitosan was achieved by mixing sodium hydrogen carbonate with β-
glycerophosphate as a gelling agent. The formulation was a solution below or at room temperature and turned
to a transparent hydrogel around ocular surface temperature within several minutes. The results of thermal
and rheological evaluations demonstrated that adding sodium hydrogen carbonate has a synergic effect in enhancing
the thermosensitivity of the hydrogel. Also, the prepared hydrogels based on quaternized chitosan presented
obvious porous architectures, good swelling, and degradability. Hemolysis and cytotoxicity evaluations
suggested that the developed hydrogels indicated good biocompatibility as a drug carrier. Finally, the in vitro release
profile of timolol maleate as an anti-glaucomamodel drug showed the initial burst release in the early hours
and a steady linear release of drug fromthe hydrogel over 1week. The obtained results confirmed that the developed
hydrogel can be considered as an efficient drug delivery candidate for glaucoma therapy. |