| Abstract
Free-living amoebae (FLA) includingAcanthamoebaspp.,Naegleria fowleri,andBalamuthia mandrillarisare among the many
waterborne parasites. There is not much known about the possible FLA contamination of the irrigation resources watering crops
and agricultural lands in this country. Forty-five water samples were collected from water canals used for irrigation of farmlands
and tested for the presence of pathogenic FLA using morphological and molecular-based methodology. The ITS region of
Naegleriaspecies was sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was generated to confirm the genetic associations and taxonomic
status of the identifiedNaegleriaspp. A total of seven (15.5%) samples were positive for FLA. Molecular analyses identified two
strains asN. philippinensis(isolates: PW1 and PW2) isolated from irrigation treated water. One strain showed high homology
withN. americana(isolate: PW3). To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first study to isolate the two strains of
N. philippinensisandN. americanafrom agricultural waters in Iran. The presence of the FLA in irrigation waters should be
considered a potential health threat for exposed farmers and other people. |