| Precise detection of important pharmaceuticals with narrow therapeutic index (NTI) is very critical as there is a
small window between their effective dose and the doses at which the adverse reactions are very likely to appear.
Regarding the fact that various pharmacokinetics will be plausible while considering pharmacogenetic factors
and also differences between generic and brand name drugs, accurate detection of NTI will be more important.
Current routine analytical techniques suffer from many drawbacks while using novel biosensors can bring up
many advantages including fast detection, accuracy, low cost with simple and repeatable measurements.
Recently the well-known carbon Nano-allotropes including carbon nanotubes and graphenes have been widely
used for development of different Nano-biosensors for a diverse list of analytes because of their great physiochemical features such as high tensile strength, ultra-light weight, unique electronic construction, high thermochemical stability, and an appropriate capacity for electron transfer. Because of these exceptional properties,
scientists have developed an immense interest in these nanomaterials. In this case, there are important reports to
show the effective Nano-carbon based biosensors in the detection of NTI drugs and the present review will
critically summarize the available data in this feld. |