| APOL1 protein is encoded by the APOL1 gene in humans and plays a role in innate immunity.
The spectrum of APOL1-related nephropathies consists of HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN),
segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), membranous nephropathy (MGN), sickle-cell nephropathy,
hypertensive nephropathy, arterionephrosclerosis, lupus nephritis, microalbuminuria, chronic kidney
disease and end-stage renal disease. Moreover, APOL1 nephropathy risk variants are associated
with shorter survival of deceased kidney allografts, lower renal function, interstitial and fibrosis
glomerulosclerosis |