| Leishmania is an intracellular protozoan parasite, mainly infects macrophages of mammalian tissues.
Inflammatory related cytokines have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of leishmaniasis. The aim of the present
study was to evaluate serum concentrations of IL-1β and IL-17 in patients with active visceral leishmaniasis (VL)
and control group. Serum concentrations of both IL-1β and IL-17 cytokines were assessed by ELISA in Leishmania
infantum infected patients (n = 25) and healthy individuals (n = 25) from Meshkin-Shahr, northwest of Iran.
Mean serum concentrations of IL-1β in the patients and control groups were 47.34±23.82, and 20.49±9.38,
respectively, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Furthermore, mean IL-17 concentration in patients
with VL (243.96±73.46) was twice higher comparing to control group (106.38±129.06) (p<0.001). Several
cytokines are involved in the regulation of immunity against VL. The present data has shown that, increased
serum concentrations of IL-1β and IL-17 are present in the patients with VL. Further investigations are needed to
enhance our knowledge about the regulatory role of these cytokines in leishmaniasis. |