| خلاصه مقاله | Abstract:
Introduction: Long-term consumption of morphine will cause tolerance and dependence. During morphine withdrawal syndrome, increasing in inflammatory factors and changes in activity of the receptors. Several mechanisms (activation of NMDA receptors, oxidative stress, etc.) have been proposed to explain opioid dependence. aerial parts of Marrubium parviflorum has effects on the inflammation process, anti-oxidant. So it would probably be able to reduce morphine withdrawal signs.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of extract of aerial parts of Marrubium parviflorum in the development of morphine withdrawal syndrome in male rats.
Methods: male wistar rats were divided into seven groups randomly, including: morphine + saline (vehicle), saline + saline, and Marrubium parviflorum (10,20,40mg/kg) + morphine and extract 40mg/kg + saline. The rats were rendered morphine-dependent by injection of additive doses of morphine subcutaneously for 9-days. On the 9th day, 1 hour after the last dose of morphine, naloxone (4 mg/kg i.p) was injected. Withdrawal behaviors were evaluated for 60 minutes. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey past-test, p values less than 0.05 were considered significant. The blood samples were then taken to measure MDA.
Results: The results showed that Marrubium parviflorum could reduce the morphine withdrawal syndrome and total withdrawal score (TWS). I.P injection Marrubium parviflorum significantly reduced the TWS in comparison the morphine-vehicle treated group (p<0.05).(20 mg/kg) of extract with (p<0.01) and (40 mg/kg) of extract with (p<0.001) significantly reduced TWS. MDA level was also reduced by 40mg/kg of Marrubium parviflorum.
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that Marrubium parviflorum has beneficial effects in reducing withdrawal syndrome of morphine. |