| خلاصه مقاله | Solubility of ketoconazole in deep eutectic solvent systems
Samira Zad Ali Asghara, Ali Shayanfarb, Abolghasem Jouybanc*
aStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
bDrug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
cPharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Introduction
Solubility is one of the most important thermodynamic properties in drug discovery and development. By many estimates, up to 40% of many existing drugs are poorly soluble in water. Ketoconazole is a practically insoluble drug. A new generation of ionic liquids called deep eutectic solvents (DESs) which is formed by mixing quaternary ammonium salt (e.g. choline chloride) and a hydrogen bond donor (e.g. urea, glycerol) with various molar ratio is used to solubility improvement. The melting point of the mixture is decreased because the formation of hydrogen bond between DES components reduces the lattice energy of component of the eutectic systems. As compared to the ionic liquids, DESs derived from choline chloride possess good advantages such as low price, easy to prepare, biodegradable, biocompatible, non-toxic and chemical inertness with water. In this study, solubility of ketoconazole as a very poor soluble drug has been investigated in two DES systems
Methods
DES systems were prepared by mixing 1:2 molar ratio of choline chloride:urea/glycerol, respectively, then the solubility of ketoconazole was determined in two binary mixtures of {urea/glycerol+ water} with different mass fractions at room temperature. In order to choose the best solvent system for ketoconazole, the experimental solubility data were compared with organic solvents.
Results
The solubility of ketoconazole was increased with the addition of DES to the aqueous solutions. Owing to the potential application and good specifications, using environmentally friendly solvents as a solvation medium was proposed instead of organic solvents in this work.
Conclusion
The obtained experimental data show the possibility of applying DES as medium for solubility enhancement of ketoconazole and encourage to extra searching about the other systems. |
| کلمات کلیدی | Binary solvent mixture, Choline chloride, Deep eutectic solvent, Glycerol, Ketoconazole, Solubility, Urea, |