چاپ صفحه |  صفحه نخست سامانه |  چکیده مقاله |  نویسندگان |  دانلود مقاله | دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز |
| We read with interest Farin Kamangar and colleagues’ Review1 in which they suggest a link between opium use and cancer risk. The authors argue that genetic polymorphisms are unlikely to confounded their fi ndings. However, many of the studies they refer to do draw attention to associations between polymorphisms and cancers. For instance, Abnet and colleagues2 concluded that variants at 10q23 in PLCE1 showed genomewide associations for gastric cardia cancer and esophageal squamouscell carcinoma.Moreover, most of the cited studies report odds ratios (ORs) typically between 1·2 and 1·4 per allele. Kamangar and colleagues’ suggest that these ORs are indicative of a weak association between polymorphisms and cancer. Nevertheless, many diff erent alleles have been shown to have a signifi cant association with cancer,3,4 and we believe that the association of polymorphisms and cancer should not be overlooked, even though associations could be weak with some alleles and strong with others. Many studies in diff erent countries, and especially Iran, have confirmed that opium can be contaminated with lead.5–8 Such contamination could be a contributing factor for the high prevalence of cancer in opium users. All but two of the 18 studies reviewed by Kamangar and colleagues were reports from Iran, but no adjustment was made for this potential confounder. Given that environmental factors are an important contributor to cancer, the results of this Review may not be generalisable to whole populations. We declare that we have no competing interests. |
| نویسنده | نفر چندم مقاله |
|---|---|
| عطا محمودپور | اول |
| صمد اسلام جمال گلزاری | دوم |
| نام فایل | تاریخ درج فایل | اندازه فایل | دانلود |
|---|---|---|---|
| L-Opium.pdf | 1398/09/12 | 38964 | دانلود |
