| Abstract
Water plays a notorious role in the epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in humans, as it is one of the natural sources for transmission of this group of organisms. Nosocomial infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are most commonly associated with the contamination of hospital water distribution systems. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify NTM in the water supply of hemodialysis centers in Tabriz, Iran. A total of 65 water samples were collected from hemodialysis centers at four hospitals between May 2017 and October 2017. The samples were filtered through 0.45 µm pore size membranes and decontaminated with 0.01% cetylpyridinium chloride. The sediment was inoculated onto Löwenstein-Jensen medium and incubated for 8 weeks. PCR was used to speciate the bacteria and sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA and hsp65 genes were used. Seven NTM species known for causing human disease were isolated including Mycobacterium fortuitum (4), Mycobacterium gordonae (4), Mycobacterium mucogenicum (3), Mycobacterium abscessus (2), Mycobacterium chelonae (2), Mycobacterium simiae (2) and Mycobacterium kansasii (1). This indicates that the immunocompromised patients and transplant recipients in Tabriz hemodialysis centers are at risk of infection, which calls for more effective water disinfection procedures. © 2019 Desalination Publications. All rights reserved. |