| خلاصه مقاله | Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the name for a group of neurodevelopmental disorders. Autism is
characterized by abnormalities in social interactions, communication skills, and restricted, repetitive
and stereotyped behaviors. The new criteria ( DSM5) have 2 domains of impairment, compared to the
3 domains that were previously used (DSM_IV_TR). The new domains are 1) social interaction and
social communication and 2) restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.
In another view in terms of history, Some of the behavioral and developmental features that suggest
autism are developmental regression, absence of protodeclarative pointing, abnormal reactions to
environmental stimuli, abnormal social interactions, absence of symbolic play and repetitive and
stereotyped behaviors; And in the physical examination of these children, abnormalities in pretend
play, gaze monitoring, and protodeclarative pointing may be useful in predicting the later diagnosis of
autistic disorder (As Baron-Cohen and colleagues observed in their studies).
Other concerns in physical examination of these children are body movements, head and hand features,
self-injurious behaviors, vulnerability to develop infections and febrile illnesses due to immunologic
problems and special attention to the possibility of physical or sexual abuse in these children. |