| In recent years, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been considered as a
promising approach in the field of regenerative medicine. iPSCs can be generated
from patients’ somatic cells and possess the potential to differentiate, under proper
conditions, into any cell type. However, the clinical application of iPS cells is restricted
because of their tumorigenic potential. Recent studies have indicated that stem cells
exert their therapeutic benefit via a paracrine mechanism, and extracellular vesicles
have been demonstrated that play a critical role in this paracrine mechanism. Due to
lower immunogenicity, easier management, and presenting no risk of tumor
formation, in recent years, researchers turned attention to exosomes as potential
alternatives to whole‐cell therapy. Application of exosomes derived from iPSCs and
their derived precursor provides a promising approach for personalized regenerative
medicine. This study reviews the physiological functions of extracellular vesicles and
discusses their potential therapeutic benefit in regenerative medicine. |