| Exosomes represent an important group of extracellular vesicles with a defned size between 40 and 150 nm and cup-shaped
construction which have a pivotal role in elimination of intracellular debris and intercellular signaling networks. A line
of evidence revealed the impact of diferent types of exosomes in initiation, progression, and metastasis of gastric cancer
(GC). These bioactive vesicles mediate tumor and stromal communication network through modulation of cell signaling
for carcinogenesis and pre-metastatic niche formation in distant organs. Exosomes contain various cargos including DNAs
(mitochondrial and genomic), proteins, transposable elements, and RNAs (coding and noncoding) with diferent compositions related to functional status of origin cells. In this review, we summarize the main roles of key exosomal cargos in
induction of exosome-mediated signaling in cancer cells. Body fuids are employed frequently as the source of exosomes
released by tumor cells with a potential role in early diagnosis of GC and chemoresistance. These vesicles as non-toxic and
non-immunogenic carriers are also found to be applied for novel drug delivery systems. |