| Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial disorder of women in reproductive age,
which in some cases is caused by immunologic abnormalities. In this study, we aimed to
evaluate cellular and molecular components of the immune system like different T‐cell
subsets and their regulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in RPL women and control group. Fifty
RPL and 50 healthy subjects were recruited. Subsets of T cells, including regulatory
T (Treg) cells, helper T (Th) 17 cells, exhausted T cells, exhausted Treg cells were evaluated
by flow cytometry. Transcription factors of T cells and related miRNA profile were
quantified using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Assessment showed that
Treg and exhausted T cells, were decreased in RPL patients (p = 0.009 and 0.02,
respectively), while an increase was observed in Th17 and exhausted Treg frequency
(p = 0.013 and 0.0037, respectively). Messenger RNA expression level of T‐bet and IRF4
was upregulated in RPL patients (p = 0.011 and 0.0001, respectively), while Th2‐ and Treg‐
related transcription factors, GATA3 and GITR, were downregulated in these patients
compared with the healthy subjects (p = 0.0008 and <0.000, respectively). Treg‐associated
miRNAs, the miR‐106b‐25–93 cluster, showed a higher rate in RPL patients (P = 0.007,
0.001, and 0.029, respectively), however, we observed no significant difference in the
expression level of Th17‐associated miRNA, mir‐326. According to the results, we
concluded that unbalanced immune responses and deregulated function of T‐cell subsets
may lead to reproduction‐related failure like a miscarriage. Therefore, evaluation of
immune cells and related miRNA profile may serve as prognostic biomarker for the
treatment of RPL patients. |