| خلاصه مقاله | Abstract:
Background and Aim: One of the most common types of blood cancer is acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which highly affects the blood cells, in the context of bone marrow and other tissues. The leukemia stem cells (LSCs) have a very important role in the refractory and relapse of AML. So monitoring of LSCs is so critical during the diagnosis, and therapeutic period of AML suffering patients.
Methods: In this regard, we developed an electrochemical-based cytosensor for detection and quantification of LSCs. For this aim, we designed an immunosensor for detection of cell surface marker of CD123, which were overexpressed in the surface of KG1a cell line as a model of LSCs. It is important to declare that, approximately more than 75% of the CD123 protein is accessible and located outside of LSCs membrane. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) for their specific properties like high surface area, electrical conductivity, and optical properties were used as electrode platform. The glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was used as the working electrode and stepwise modified by GQDs, Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), streptavidin coated AuNPs (star-shaped), biotinylated CD123 antibody and target cells. The biotinylated antibody was used as a cell capturing element.
Results: All of the electrode preparation steps were confirmed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. After passing the optimization of all experimental parameters, the detection limit (DL) and linear dynamic range (LDR) of the designed cytosensor were obtained as 1 cell/mL and 1 to 50 cells/mL, respectively.
Conclusion: The constructed nanomaterial-based cytosensor has top features like ultra-sensitivity, easy fabrication process and more precise results, which make it as a useful analytical device for detection and quantification of LSCs in clinical laboratories. |