| خلاصه مقاله | ADHD is one of the most common disorders of childhood. It
usually is diagnosed first in childhood and often lasts into adulthood.
ADHD is defined by academic or behavioral problems
and symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity that
are inappropriate for a child’s developmental level. The diagnosis
is based on information about the child’s behavior at home,
school, and other settings. Various dietary factors have been suggested
as a cause of this disorder, including artificial flavors and
colors, sugar, altered fatty acid metabolism, and allergies. Several
studies have suggested that artificial food colors and a food preservative,
sodium benzoate, were associated with some negative
behaviors in both those children with a diagnosis of ADHD and
some children who did not have this diagnosis. However, for a
complete answer, more evidence is needed. Research looking at the effects of artificial
food colors and sodium benzoate, exposure to pesticides, and
fatty acid supplementation are ongoing (Rytter et al, 2015).
Sugar shows no effect on behavior or cognition in most children
with ADHD. See Chapter 44 for further discussion of ADHD. |