| Introduction: Folic acid, also known as folate, is one of the water-soluble
B vitamins which its derivatives are involved in many metabolic reactions
as cofactor, that are mostly contributed in cell growth. Regarding the role
of derived cofactors from this vitamin in reactions such as methylation,
production of thymidine and purines; seems that there is a relationship
between this vitamin and cancer.
Methods: We searched Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Embase and Web of
Science (2000-2017) using term folic acid, carcinogenesis, diagnose and
treatment. Our focused was on the articles published within the past 5 years
and type of study in culture media, animal models and clinical trials were
in our favor.
Results: Candidate mechanisms in carcinogenesis for folic acid include 1:
changes in DNA and RNA methylation 2: Damage to the integrity and
stability of DNA 3: disruption in repair system of DNA.
Conclusion: Folic acid in carcinogenesis acts as a double-edged sword.
The activity type of folic acid depends on the physiological conditions,
dosage of the vitamin, age, individual genotypes, target tissues and stage of
the disease in patients. High growth rate of cancer cells leads to increase in
cell requests of the vitamin, and on the other hand the cells enhance the
number of receptors improving the vitamin absorption. Therefore,
increasing number of cell surface receptors, it can be applied for noninvasive
diagnosis and target therapy |