| Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become a popular diagnosis and research technique in dentistry. Several
studies show that high sensitivity and specificity of PCR method allows it to be as a precise, efficient, and rapid
method for detection, identification, and quantification of microorganisms. Several genetic polymorphisms
along with immune and inflammatory markers can be determined; providing the most accurate perception
into the mechanisms underlying the dental and periodontal disease. This review paper discusses the application
of PCR as a diagnostic molecular technique in periodontology, endodontic infections, implant-related and periimplantitis infection, identification of immune and inflammatory markers, and genetic polymorphisms. Moreover, it reviews the application of next generation sequencing and microarray technologies in dentistry. The manuscript was prepared mainly using PubMed and MEDLINE. |