| The endometrium is one of the essential components of the uterus. The endometrium of human is a complex and
dynamic tissue, which undergoes periods of growth and turn over during any menstrual cycle. Stem cells are
initially undifferentiated cells that display a wide range of differentiation potential with no distinct morphological
features. Stem cell therapy method recently has become a novel procedure for treatment of tissue injury
and fibrosis in response to damage. Currently, there is massive interest in stem cells as a novel treatment method
for regenerative medicine and more specifically for the regeneration of human endometrium disorder like
Asherman syndrome (AS) and thin endometrium. AS also known as intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a uterine
disorder with the aberrant creation of adhesions within the uterus and/or cervix. Patients with IUA are significantly
associated with menstrual abnormalities and suffer from pelvic pain. In addition, IUA might prevent
implantation of the blastocyst, impair the blood supply to the uterus and early fetus, and finally result in the
recurrent miscarriage or infertility in the AS patients. It has been evidenced that the transplantation of different
stem cells with a diverse source in the endometrial zone had effects on endometrium such as declined the fibrotic
area, an elevated number of glands, stimulated angiogenesis, the enhanced thickness of the endometrium, better
formed tissue construction, protected gestation, and improved pregnancy rate. This study presents a summary of
the investigations that indicate the key role of stem cell therapy in regeneration and renovation of defective
parts. |