| Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the frequency of comorbid psychiatric
disorders in children and adolescents with nocturnal enuresis (NE).
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 183 children and adolescents aged 5-18 years with
NE referred to psychiatric clinics at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were selected in 2015. A structured
clinical diagnostic interview, the kiddie-schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia (K-SADS), was employed
based on the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV-TR) for the diagnosis of NE
and comorbid psychiatric disorders.
Results: In this study, 39 participants (21.3%) were female and 144 (78.7%) were male. The mean age of participants
was 8.69 ± 2.34 years. The lifelong incidence of mental disorders among enuretic children and adolescents
was 79.23%. The highest incidence belonged to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with 74.9%, oppositional-
defiant disorder (ODD) with 53%, and tic disorders with 12% (motor tics together with a single case
of vocal tic). The lowest incidence was for conduct disorder, bipolar affective disorder, and post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) with 5%. Based on the Fisher exact test, there was no significant difference between girls and
boys in terms of psychiatric disorders incidence (P > .05).
Conclusion: Comorbid psychiatric disorders with NE are common among children and adolescents. Therefore,
in-depth examination of other psychiatric disorders needs to be carried out in enuretic children and adolescents,
which will affect the treatment and prognosis of NE. |