| Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) caused by atherosclerosis. Studies have
shown that there are a number of factors which are closely related to the development
and progression of CAD that include Cellular binding molecules like Plasminogen
Activator Inhibitor-1(PAI-1), Lipid peroxidation, inflammation and hemostasis.
Objectives: The present case-control study aimed to evaluate the association between
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G polymorphism and oxidative stress
markers and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).
Patients and Methods: Blood was drawn and DNA was extracted from 90 subjects (46
patients with angiographically diagnosed CAD and 44 age- and sex-matched healthy
controls). The 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 was detected by Polymerase Chain
Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Besides,
the risk factors, serpin E1, Malondialdehyde (MDA), high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein
(hs-CRP), and lipid profile serum levels were measured by standard methods and were
compared between the two study groups using independent samples t-test, one-way
ANOVA, and Mann-Whitney U test as appropriated.
Results: Results: The frequency of 4G/4G genotype of PAI-1 gene was higher in the CAD
patients than in the controls (28/46 (60.87%) vs. 8/44 (18.18%), P < 0.01). Additionally, the
serpin E1 plasma level was significantly higher in the CAD group carrying the 4G allele
compared to those homozygous for the 5G allele (P = 0.016). Besides, a significant difference
was found between the 4G/4G and 5G/5G subjects of the CAD group regarding plasma
High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) (P < 0.01). Also, significant differences were observed
among the three genotypes of both groups concerning the plasma levels of cholesterol,
triglyceride, and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL). However, no significant correlation was
found between PAI-1 gene polymorphism and MDA serum level, hs-CRP, and risk of CAD.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested that 4G/4G PAI-1 polymorphism was
associated with cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and HDL levels and could be regarded as
a biomarker for risk of CAD. |